外觀與性狀:白色結晶粉末

密(mi)度:1,353 g/cm

熔(rong)點:167-172°C(lit.)

沸點:219-220°C10mm Hg(lit.)

閃點(dian):219-220°C/10mm

折射率:1.531

水溶解性:550 g/L (25 ºC)

穩定性:Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents. Protect from moisture.

儲存條件:2-8ºC靜(jing)滴時(shi)應(ying)避免外(wai)漏，以免刺激(ji)局部組織。偶可(ke)(ke)(ke)出現(xian)靜(jing)脈痙攣和靜(jing)脈炎。可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)抑(yi)制及低(di)血糖癥，將本(ben)品0.2mo1/L和碳(tan)酸(suan)氫(qing)鈉0.1mo1/L溶液(ye)混合(he)后靜(jing)滴可(ke)(ke)(ke)避免呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)抑(yi)制。忌用(yong)(yong)于慢(man)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)其(qi)癥患者(zhe)。腎功能(neng)不(bu)全者(zhe)慎用(yong)(yong)，無尿者(zhe)忌用(yong)(yong)。靜(jing)滴時(shi)應(ying)對血液(ye)中(zhong)二(er)氧化碳(tan)、碳(tan)酸(suan)氫(qing)鹽(yan)、葡萄糖、電解質進行監測。氨(an)(an)基(ji)丁三(san)醇為(wei)有機胺，堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)，能(neng)與碳(tan)酸(suan)的氫(qing)離子結合(he)形(xing)成碳(tan)酸(suan)氫(qing)鹽(yan)。因此既能(neng)糾(jiu)正代(dai)謝性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)血癥，亦能(neng)糾(jiu)正呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)血癥。它能(neng)透入細(xi)胞內(nei)，故(gu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)細(xi)胞內(nei)外(wai)同時(shi)起作用(yong)(yong)。本(ben)品很快(kuai)以原形(xing)由尿排出，有堿化尿液(ye)及滲透性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)利尿作用(yong)(yong)。為(wei)一種不(bu)含鈉的氨(an)(an)基(ji)緩沖堿，在(zai)體液(ye)中(zhong)與H2CO3結合(he)，生成炭(tan)酸(suan)氫(qing)鹽(yan)。因此他能(neng)緩沖酸(suan)而且能(neng)降(jiang)低(di)CO2張力，有糾(jiu)正急(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)中(zhong)毒(du)和代(dai)謝性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)中(zhong)毒(du)雙(shuang)重效果，其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)炭(tan)酸(suan)氫(qing)鈉快(kuai)而強(qiang)。臨床上用(yong)(yong)于急(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)代(dai)謝性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和急(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)酸(suan)中(zhong)毒(du)。一般用(yong)(yong)3.64%溶液(ye)滴注，限制水(shui)分者(zhe)可(ke)(ke)(ke)直接靜(jing)脈滴注7.28%溶液(ye)，但應(ying)避免劑量過(guo)大，滴速過(guo)快(kuai)